Dualex是一款源自于法國國家科學院 (CNRS)及巴黎第十一大學技術，由奧地利PESSL公司生產（原法國Force-A公司）開發的新型多功能葉片測量儀。它可同時準確測量葉片的葉綠素含量、葉片表層的類黃酮和花青素含量，適用于植物生理學和農學（如水稻葉綠素濃度，玉米氮素狀況，葡萄藤等）相關研究。

其測量對象可以是單子葉植物，雙子葉植物或多年生植物。這款設備簡單易用，可進行實時和非破壞性測量。由于不需要校準標定和事先的樣品制備，測量工作可在實驗室或現場完成。此外，該設備在各種溫度的和環境光照條件下均可正常使用。系統采用設計，光學傳感器可進行簡單、快速、無損測量葉片中的葉綠素、多酚以及花青素。

Dualex便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測量儀

獲得安全的供水對提高一個人的生活質量很重要。我們研究了水資源可用性對家庭每月支出的影響（因變量）與自變量之間的關系，如家庭特征、水箱大小、使用說明和施工后指導，包括與水相關的健康風險管理。該樣本由301名在烏干達收集雨水的受訪者組成。采用多元回歸分析對數據進行分析。研究結果表明，施工后指導和儲罐尺寸是重要變量。這項研究表明，在安裝供水設備后，需要采取后續行動來改善健康狀況，即提供有關水風險的信息，促進閱讀規范，并促進信息來源的可用性和可承受性，例如補貼報紙和信息支持設備（計算機）。此外，這項研究還表明，由于供應商在水方面的支出減少，以及對缺水（如脫水）造成的與水有關的健康風險的管理，節約成本的可能性增加。總的來說，該研究揭示了促進發展中國家政策和衛生的兩種可能方式：（1）確保對所有水資源提供充分的建設后指導；（2）確保家庭可持續供應充足的安全用水。

熒光測量：熒光指數由兩個便攜式熒光傳感器Dualex®4 Scientific和Multiplex®3評估。二者被用來記錄實驗過程中的情況。這些設備可用于在野外自然輻射或受控室內人工輻射條件下對電廠狀態進行即時評估。

Influence of water shortage on apple seedling growth under different radiation composition

Having access to a safe water supply is important to improve a person's quality of life. We examine the relationship between the influence of water availability on monthly household expenditures (the dependent variable) and independent variables such as household characteristics, tank size, usage instructions and post-construction guidance, including the management of water-related health risks. The sample consisted of 301 respondents who harvest rainwater in Uganda. A multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings show that post-construction guidance and tank size were significant variables. This study suggests the need for a follow-up to improve health after the installation of water supply equipment, i.e., to provide information about water risks, foster reading norms and facilitate the availability and affordability of information sources, e.g., subsidised newspapers and information support devices (computers). Additionally, this study shows the possibility of increased savings due to reduced expenditures on water from vendors and the management of water-related health risks caused by a water shortage, e.g., dehydration. Overall, the study reveals two possible ways to advance policy and health in developing countries: (1) ensuring sufficient post-construction guidance for all water resources; and (2) ensuring a sustainable supply of adequate safe water in households.

Fluorescence measurements: Fluorescence indices were assessed by two portable fluorescence sensors, Dualex®4 Scientific and Multiplex®3 (Force-A, Orsay, France). They were adopted to record conditions during the experiment. These devices can be used for instant evaluation of the plant status both under natural irradiance in the field or under artificial irradiance in controlled chambers.

相關閱讀

Dualex 便攜式智能氣象-葉綠素-花青素-黃酮醇測量儀

PESSL便攜式便攜式植物多酚-葉綠素儀原理

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：腐殖酸通過鐵依賴和非鐵依賴的協同機制緩解禾本科植物的鐵失綠癥

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：硝化抑制劑和/或間作效應下玉米（和小麥灌溉種植系統中的硝酸鹽淋失

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：與保持綠色表達相關的葉片和冠層性狀與對水分脅迫具有不同耐性的小麥基因型的產量構成密切相關

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：基于地面和智能傳感器的冬小麥營養營養儀

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：增加角質層蠟沉積不會改變殘余葉片蒸騰作用

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀--氮平衡指數：不同生物刺激劑對水培生菜的效果比較

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：固體消化物和葡萄園冬季修剪堆肥替代苗圃中微繁殖高叢藍莓生長基質中的泥炭研究

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：不同灌溉制度下根際細菌和藻類對金盞草生理生化指標的影響

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：Sentinel-2A與近端傳感器數據協同提取水稻不同生育期生化參數

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：三種便攜式光學傳感器在冬小麥氮素狀況無損診斷中的應用

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：基于微碳技術（MCT®）的肥料對土壤和辣椒生長室和田間培養的生物刺激效應

Dualex植物多酚-葉綠素儀：根際細菌在減輕大豆干旱脅迫中的作用